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Bilali Kabula

University

Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi (KCMC).

PhD Title

Diversity of Malaria Vectors and Their Insecticide Resistance Profile in Tanzania.

Abstract

Malaria remains the most important public health problem in Tanzania. Members of the Anopheles gambiae complex and An. funestus group are the important vectors of malaria in most parts of the country. These species complexes exhibit an enormous diversity in their biology which impacts greatly on their importance as vectors of malaria, their responses to insecticides, and preference of breeding sites, resting sites, hosts and biting times. However there has been limited information about the enormous diversity of these Anopheles vectors as well as their susceptibility to the commonly used insecticides. Understanding the diversity and insecticide susceptibility status of these vectors is crucial to developing better and sound intervention strategies that will reduce man-vector contact and also manage the emergency of insecticide resistance early and hence a success in malaria control. The main aim of this project is to investigate the existing diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes, their insecticide susceptibility profile, transmission potential and ecological differences of these complexes as well as finding out the presence of discrete populations within these mosquitoes that could be selected for early or later biting. The Specific objectives of this project are to: 1) determine the distribution of malaria vectors in different ecological zones of Tanzania, 2) determine the susceptibility status of malaria and lymphatic filariasis vectors to commonly used pyrethroids and DDT, 3) characterize the An. gambiae complexes, 4) determine the kdr alleles in the Anopheles mosquitoes, 5) determine the biochemical mode of resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, 6) determine the infectivity of Anopheles mosquitoes and relate these with their insecticide susceptibility status and 7) determine the feeding preferences (type and host) of these Anopheles mosquitoes.